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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HSPβ1 gen on hematological toxicity (HT) in patients (pts) with lung cancer (LC) treated with Radio(Chemo)Therapy. 

Multicentre study with prospective data collection, where DNA samples were collected from 264 pts with primary LC from February/2013-December/2020 to perform genotyping analysis looking for associations between hematological toxicity and SNPs of HSPB1 gen.
Genotyping analysis was performed on DNA isolated from blood samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The acute HT of the analysis were assessed using the CTCAEv.5 scale. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to assess the effect of different genotypes.

Median follow-up of 21 months (6-76m), median age was 63 years (33-83). 85,6% were male and 14,4% female. 87,8% received QT treatment (platinum schedules). According to clinical stage, 9,4% (25) had stage I-II, 38,6%(102) IIIA, 46,2% (122) IIIB and 5,7%(15) IV. The most frequent histologies were 41% (110) squamous cell carcinoma, 25% (67) adenocarcinoma and 27,6% (73) small cell. Multivariate analysis showed that the HSPB1 rs7459185 GG genotype (vs GC /CC) was associated with HT grade 2 with a HR of 1.462 (95%CI 1.054-2.029, p= 0.023). Similarly, those patients with the GG genotype had an increased risk of overall HT > grade 3 with a HR of 1.531 (95%CI 1.016-2.30, p= 0.042) compared to GC/CC.

Our findings show a relationship between SNPs rs7459185 of the HSPB1 gene in the development of HT in patients with PC. These response markers could be used as biomarkers for future individual therapeutic schemes.